The subject of this literature review is the epidural analgesia/ anaesthesia for labor and vaginal delivery. Epidural analgesia is the most effective form of intrapartum analgesia currently available. The most commonly drugs are local anesthetics. Bupivacaine is the local anesthetic most often used for epidural analgesia during labor but in most cases that require rapid extension of anaesthesia is reserved chloroprocaine. Other drugs are lignocaine and ropivacaine. Because of avoidance the side effects associated with them, we combine them with opioids. The most common opiate agonist is fentatyl or sufentanil or alfentanil. In most cases, maternal request for pain relief represents a sufficient indication for administration of epidural analgesia, in hypertensive, also, disorders of pregnancy, in cardio-vascular, respiratory and neurological disease, in diabetes mellitus and in obese. The fetal indications are prematurity and intrauterine growth retardation, breech presentation, multiple pregnancy and intrauterine death. There are a lot of contraindications such us the maternal refusal, coagulation disorders, local or systemic sepsis, hypovolaemia, lack of trained staff and allergies. The most common complication of epidural analgesia is hypotension, but there are also sensory, motor and autonomic block, proprioception, maternal temperature, stress response, bladder function and dural puncture which may lead to headache after delivery.