Background: A range of psychosocial variables may influence infertile women’s stress during infertility treatment. Variables such as satisfaction with marital relationship, satisfaction with spousal communication and satisfaction with communication with other people may be considered determinants of emotional well being. Purpose: The purposes of the present study were to examine a) the association between marital satisfaction and distress, b) the association between communication with partner and distress, and finally c) the association between communication with other people and distress. Materials and Methods: The study involved 404 women undergoing infertility treatment in a public clinic of Athens. State and trait anxiety (STAI), depression (CES-D), marital stress, marital benefit, communication with partner and communication with other people (COMPI) were measured. Statistical analysis (t-test, chi-square, One-way ANOVA) was performed by SPSS version 17.0 Results: High marital stress and poor communication with partner were positively and significantly associated with state anxiety (r= 0.291, p<0.001, t= - 3.477, p<0.001, respectively), trait anxiety (r= 0.359, p<0.005, t= - 5.867, p<0.001, respectively) and depression (r= 0.366, p<0.001, t= - 5.124, p<0.001, respectively). High marital benefit was negatively and statistically associated with state anxiety, trait anxiety and depression (r= - 0.138, p<0.001, r= - 0.201, p<0.001, r= - 0.126, p<0.001, respectively). Communication with partner was positively and statistically associated with marital benefit (t= 2.606, p=0.010) and negatively with marital stress (t=-4.541, p<0.001). Communication with other people regarding infertility was not statistically associated with anxiety, with depression, with marital stress, or with marital benefit. Conclusion. Although, the role of social support as a buffer in the context of stressors other than infertility is well documented, infertile women undergoing fertility treatment may feel difficult in discussing infertility issues with others. The quality of the relationship and communication with the partner seems to impact on the emotional status of subfertile women. The partner is potentially a crucial source of support for men and women who are reluctant to discuss their fertility difficulties with others.