Fatty acids profile on sheep’s milk was determined in 4 Greek breeds (Karagouniko,
Chios, Orini Epirus and Improved Epirus) reared under the same diet and
management conditions. Milk samples (n=126) were collected from January to May
and fat was extracted from raw milk or butter milk. GC-FID analysis of the lipid
revealed the presence of 42 fatty acids (FA). Several lipid quality indices were
compared among breeds and levels of lactation stage. Some fatty acids affected
significantly by the breed (C16:0, C16-1ω9, C18-3ω-6) and the lactation stage
(C14:0, C16-1ω9, C18-2t9t12, C18-4ω-3). Chios breed had higher thrombogenic and
hypercholesterolaemic indices than the other breeds. Peroxidisability and atherogenic
indices did not differentiate among breeds and lactation stage. A significant increase
of ω-3 fatty acids was found in the middle of lactation stage compared with the
content of ω-3 at the end of lactation stage.
Principal component analysis applied to 42 variables (fatty acids) revealed that 11
significant factors accounted for 79 % of the variability. Discriminant analysis
considering the breed as classification factor, developed two significant
discriminating functions with a 80.16% of correct classification. Considering lactation
stage as the classification factor, one significant function was developed and the
percentage of correct classification was 84.92 %. The fatty acids C18-1cis9, C16:0,
C4:0 and C10:0 contributed the most to discriminate milk samples according to breed
and lactation stage.