The Greek Tower of Naxos Island, which is a monument of the 4th century B.C., is located in the south-eastern side of Naxos, in a natural hill in the southern side of mountainous Za. The geological morphology of Naxos is owed to earthquakes and volcanic effects that convulsed this part of the Mediterranean Sea that is called Aegean Sea. The geological character of Naxos is placed in the core of crystalloid mass of southern Aegean. Although its extent is quite large, the island of Naxos presents significant climatic homogeneity. Its climate is light marine, semidry, with a small surplus of rainwater in the winter. The structure material of the tower is marble. This has been proved with physicochemical analysis of samples of the material and the minerals of the area. The corrosion of the building is caused by temperature variations, humidity, crystallization of soluble salts, biological depositions, structural problems and human action. The suggestions for its conservation are cleaning of the surface, consolidation of corroded material, joining of the fragments, gap filling and retouchment of the monument.